Examples of vertically applied forces on building elements are the dead loads of the building structure and some live loads. These loads tend to move the structure in a downward direction
Author: Ranjith Ekanayake
Building Engineering – Forces exerted on and by Buildings
When we apply an external force to a building element, it tends to deform. This deformation is opposed by stresses or internal forces created within the fibers of the element.
Building Engineering – An Introduction
The Built Environment is the surrounding created by man. However, it may be with the help of the natural environment.
BILL OF QUANTITY & THE QUANTITY SURVEYOR
Quantity surveying is a task of measuring construction work required to implement the architects’ design for new or renovated buildings. One purpose of quantity surveying is to produce a document of quantified sub-work items to represent the whole construction. It is known as Bills of Quantities.
Unit Rate in a Bill of Quantity
A unit rate may be defined as the total overall cost of a specific item description for a quantity of one unit in the bill of quantity. This one unit shall be measured according to the S.M.M. applicable. The unit rate must include the cost of all labor, material, plant, and main contractor’s subcontractor fee,…
Law of Delict – Case Study
The term “Delict” used in the Roman-Dutch law denotes a wrongful act by one person in the society against another in breach of the legal rights of the latter. This wrong would give rise to a civil action for damages against the wrongdoer
Price Fluctuations
The cost of materials, plant, and labour used for construction works are highly varied in the market due to various reasons, such as demand variations, scarcity, taxes, changes in currency markets, seasonal factors, etc.
Tort Law – The parties & Vicarious Liability
Any victim of a tort can sue. However, a minor must sue by his ‘next friend’. A minor can sue for injuries incurred before birth. For example, physical deformities caused by a drug taken by his mother provided that he is born alive.
Tort Law – Historical Development
Until 1932, it was believed that if a contract exists, no rights in tort could apply to the same facts. However, the decision in the case of Donoghue v Stevenson set off an explosion in the scope of tortuous liability.
Law of Tort – An Introduction
The law of tort lays down the boundaries of when liability for the injury arises. It balances the interests of the person who has suffered the injury and wishes to recover damages for that loss, against the interest of the person who caused the injury.
Bidding Strategy
Bidding strategy can be defined as the decision by a company on which work to price for and the level of profit to incorporate for successfully securing the project and maintain the financial security of the business.
Termination of a Construction Contract
Any contract rests on the agreement of the parties. It is their agreement that binds them. Therefore, by their agreement, they may be discharged.